Dr. Smita Mohanty
Director & Head (Principal Scientist)
Central Institute of Petrochemicals Engineering & Technology – LARPM, Bhubaneshwar
3D bioprinting is an emerging technology that has the potential to revolutionize the field of tissue engineering and regenerative medicine. Scientists can create three-dimensional structures made of living cells and other types of biomaterials. These 3D bioprinted structures can be used to create replacement tissues and organs, making it possible to treat a variety of medical conditions.
One of the major advantages of 3D bioprinting is its ability to generate complex structures with high degree of precision. Because the process is computer-controlled, it is possible to bioprint structures with intricate geometries and precise dimensions. This is particularly important when bioprinting replacement tissues and organs, which must be designed to fit the specific needs of each patient.
A team of research scientists at the Department of Biological Science and Bioengineering at Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, are working on using 3D bioprinting technology for generating in-vitro models, mini tissues for implantation in areas like bone tissue engineering, liver tissue engineering and nerve tissue engineering and regeneration.
Despite plethora of advantages, 3D bioprinting is still a relatively new technology, and there are several challenges to overcome before it can become widely available. One of the major challenges is the need for more advanced bioinks. Dr Ashok Kumar’s lab has been able to successfully develop materials for extrusion based bioprinting (BIO X, CELLINK) that house hepatocyte cells which could eventually be considered for in-vitro liver models. Extensive use of such 3D bioprinted models in the market requires rigorous quality and post processing tests like in-vitro and in-vivo assessment of the developed functional constructs to test the efficacy of the same, and to determine the regeneration of the injured tissues by implanting the developed functionalized constructs.
Another challenge is the need for more advanced printing techniques, particularly when bioprinting complex structures. Some bioprinting techniques are limited in their ability to create structures with high resolution and complexity. Hence the use of Digital Light Processing (DLP) (Lumen X+, CELLINK) systems helps in filling the gap that exists in physiologically complex models (Circulation: Microfluidics) as well as in design considerations.
The potential benefits of 3D bioprinting are enormous. With ongoing research and development, it is likely that the technology will continue to evolve and improve, making it possible to treat a wide range of medical conditions and improve the quality of life for millions of people around the world.
“Hopefully in the future, 3D bioprinting technology will advance healthcare prospects and treatment strategies. People will have access to more personalized treatment options along with advances in the pharmaceutical industry sectors “
Publication Date : March, 2023
